1824-1855 · Food Waste · USU Digital Exhibits (2024)

Fur trappers, also known as Mountain Men, were the first white men to enter Cache Valley and the surrounding areas [1]. Ephraim Logan and Peter Skene Ogden, the names of whom still mark the areas they explored, entered as early as 1824 [2]. These early explorers hunted beaver for their pelts which were in high demand for their use in fashionable hats back east and in Europe [1]. Although the aggressive trapping nearly caused the extinction of the beaver [3], Mountain Men were very mindful of preventing food waste.

1824-1855 · Food Waste · USU Digital Exhibits (2)

Mountain men and trappers followed the example of the Native Americans by finding ways to use as much of the animal as possible. Beaver trappers tanned the fur for trading, saved the castor from scent glands for baiting other beavers, used fat for cooking and make-shift candles, cooked the tail in soup, and polished the teeth for trade with Native Americans [4]

The typical diet of mountain men consisted of primarily of meat that was available to them; this included fish, buffalo, or furbearers like beavers [5]. Trappers would preserve their meats with salting or drying to produce bacon, smoked ham, corned beef, dried fish or salt pork [5]. This prevented spoilage and extended shelf life.

Some Mountain Man favorite recipes include [5]:

  • Boudins - Cut portions of buffalo intestine and stuff with wild onions and other herbs. Tie ends of and roast until sizzling.

  • Bear - Baste liver, heart, and kidneys with melting fat. To tenderize meat, boil for ten hours.

  • Pemmican - Dry meat and available berries. Pound meat and berries into meal. Pour hot animal grease over mixture. Pack mix into a bladder bag. Will not spoil for months.

  • Bitters - Mix one a cup of buffalo gallbladder fluid with one pint of water.

1. Ricks, J. (1953, April 24). The Beginnings of Settlement in Cache Valley. USU Faculty Honors Lecture, Paper 43. Retrieved from http://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/ viewcontent.cgi?article=1037&context=honor_lectures
2. Cache Valley Visitors Bureau. (n.d.). The Early History of Cache Valley [Brochure]. Logan: Visitors Bureau. Retrieved from http://ewb.usu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/INFO-History-of-Cache-Valley.pdf
3. Alexander, T. (2016). Traders, Trappers, and Mountain Men. Utah History to Go. Retrieved from http://historytogo.utah.gov/utah_chapters/trappers,_traders,_and_explorers/traderstrappersandmountianmen.html
4. Somerville, R. (2002, January 9). Richard Smith: A modern day mountain man. State Gazette. Retrieved from http://www.stategazette.com/story/1032103.html
5. Schaubs, M. (2016, March 3). Mountain Men and Life in the Rocky Mountain West. Malachite’s Big Hole. Retrieved from http://www.mman.us/fooddrink.htm
1824-1855 · Food Waste · USU Digital Exhibits (2024)

FAQs

Did fur trappers eat beaver meat? ›

When food was scarce, as the trappers said, "meat was meat." By this they meant that in hard times they would eat just about anything. This included beaver, rabbits, and other small animals. In really hard times, the trappers ate their own pack animals, and in some cases even their own moccasins.

When did food waste become a problem in the United States? ›

Q: When did food waste become a problem in the United States? A: During the late 19th century and early 20th century, the rise of industrialization and manufactured products changed how Americans consumed and therefore disposed of food.

Did mountain men eat beaver? ›

The typical diet of mountain men consisted of primarily of meat that was available to them; this included fish, buffalo, or furbearers like beavers [5].

Why did mountain men have to give up trapping beaver? ›

By the late 1830s the trade in beaver furs was also dying out. Most of the major trapping grounds had been exhausted and a change in fashion - to silk hats - sent the business into a downward spiral from which it never recovered.

Is beaver meat edible for humans? ›

Yes! Beaver is safe to eat. It is also one of the healthiest foods available. The benefits of consuming beaver are much greater than the risks of contaminant exposure.

What does beaver meat taste like? ›

Similar to elk or bison, beaver meat has a deep, woodsy character without any off-flavors, and is lean but succulent. It's the sort of game meat you could serve to someone who claims not to like game meat. It's what beef should be.

What country wastes the most food? ›

Food waste produced annually in selected countries worldwide 2020. China and India produce more household food waste than any other country worldwide at an estimated 92 million and 69 million metric tons every year, respectively.

Who wastes the most food in the United States? ›

Households are by far the largest contributor to America's food waste problem, responsible for nearly half of the total surplus. Produce farms accounted for 17% of the total, manufacturing was responsible for nearly 15%, foodservice about 14% and retail about 6%.

Why is food waste so bad in America? ›

Americans are often impulsive in their food purchases, unrealistically assessing how much food is required, and as a result buying more food than they need or buying food they won't actually eat. Our take-out society doesn't use food in its entirety the way our ancestors used to.

Did American Indians eat beaver? ›

Of course, the Native Americans were eating beaver long before the European settlers arrived, but Europeans also learned to enjoy the meat. Beaver meat has a flavor similar to beef or venison, but also quite different. Out in the frigid wilderness, a hot beaver stew was exactly what mountain men and women needed.

How did mountain men stay warm in winter? ›

The secret to keeping warm is wearing layers of clothing, Rauch said. "The mountain man wore one or two shirts, some of them with a long tail that came down to his thighs, a leather jacket shirt and a warm wool or leather coat.

What two professions did most mountain men choose after most of the beaver had been killed off? ›

When the beaver population declined and the international fur trade collapsed in the late 1830s, largely due to a shift in fashion tastes from beaver to silk hats, the mountain men turned their vast knowledge of the West to good use, becoming guides and goods suppliers for the Overland Trail to California, Utah, and ...

Who was the last real mountain man? ›

Sylvan Ambrose "Buckskin Bill" Hart (May 10, 1906 – April 29, 1980) was among the last of the mountain men in the Western United States.

Who is the most famous mountain man? ›

Hugh Glass (1783–1833) was a frontiersman & fur trapper best known for his survival from a grizzly bear attack near the Missouri River. The films Man in the Wilderness (1971) and The Revenant (2015) are fictionalized versions of Glass and the grizzly bear episode.

What animal was most commonly trapped by mountain men? ›

Many animals were trapped, but the most common was the beaver. Did you know that Abraham Lincoln's famous top hat was made of beaver fur?

Did pioneers eat beaver? ›

Estimated to have had a population of around 90 million when Europeans arrived in the New World, the beaver was sought after not only for its fashionable fur, but also its delicious taste.

Did trappers eat beaver tail? ›

Trappers in historical literature described beaver tails as “fat all through, are especially regarded as delicacies.” Another writer referred to their tails as “highly esteemed by trappers.”

Did people used to eat beaver tails? ›

Indigenous people also ate the meat of the beaver, including the flesh from its tail. They cooked the beavers' tails over a fire so that the scales on them would loosen and the flesh would cook completely.

What illness is beaver meat? ›

Giardiasis, popularly known as beaver fever, is caused by the microscopic parasite called Giardia lamblia. The infection occurs in many animals including beavers (hence its nickname), as well as cows, other rodents, and sheep.

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